Cases Considered: Jamani v. Subway Franchise Systems of Canada Ltd., 2008 ABQB 438
PDF Version: Arbitration is not Administrative Law
The reasons that arbitration is a legitimate way to resolve a dispute are not the same reasons that administrative decision-making is legitimate. Arbitration is normally a process voluntarily chosen by parties who want a dispute decided by an impartial judge of their own choosing, whose decision on the merits of the dispute will be final and binding. It is a private alternative to the courts (albeit governed by legislation and even mandated by legislation in some cases). The justification for legislative and judicial deference to arbitration rests on the principle of freedom of contract and the norm of party autonomy. Administrative law, on the other hand, is public law. Administrative agencies and tribunals are created by federal and provincial legislative bodies and given tasks to do on behalf of the citizens of the country or province. Administrative decision-makers do not just resolve disputes between parties; they are also responsible for fulfilling the goals of their agency. Judicial review of administrative decisions exists, in part, to control the exercise of power by the executive and administrative branches of the state. Nevertheless, courts have recently been conflating the two areas of law and the decision in Jamani v. Subway Franchise Systems of Canada Ltd. is an example of this trend.