Author Archives: Jennifer Koshan

About Jennifer Koshan

B.Sc., LL.B (Calgary), LL.M. (British Columbia). Professor. Member of the Alberta Bar. Please click here for more information.

Supreme Court Denies Equality Claimants Leave to Appeal Insurance Cap

By: Jennifer Koshan

PDF Version: Supreme Court Denies Equality Claimants Leave to Appeal Insurance Cap

Case Commented On: Morrow v Zhang, 2009 ABCA 215, leave to appeal dismissed by S.C.C. December 17, 2009

The Supreme Court has denied Peari Morrow and Brea Pederson leave to appeal the Alberta Court of Appeal ruling that upheld the province’s cap on non-pecuniary damages for soft tissue injuries incurred in motor vehicle accidents. Previous posts on ABlawg critiqued the Court of Appeal decision for (1) failing to apply the new approach to equality rights set down in R v Kapp, 2008 SCC 41, (2) improperly applying the old approach to equality rights from Law v Canada, Minister of Employment and Immigration), [1999] 1 S.C.R. 497, (3) giving insufficient weight to evidence of stereotyping in relation to victims of minor tissue injuries, and (4) giving too much weight to the purpose of the law at the expense of its effects on those victims (see Some Questions about the Decision to Reinstate the Cap on Damages for Soft Tissue Injuries and More Questions about the Decision to Reinstate the Cap on Damages for Soft Tissue Injuries).

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Court upholds Alberta’s Hate Speech Law

Case considered: Boissoin v. Lund, 2009 ABQB 592

PDF version:  Court upholds Alberta’s Hate Speech Law

Back in September, I predicted the failure of a constitutional challenge to Alberta’s hate speech law, section 3 of the Human Rights, Citizenship and Multiculturalism Act, R.S.A. 2000, c. H-14 (HRCMA) (recently re-enacted as the Alberta Human Rights Act, R.S.A. 2000, c. A-25.5). The law was challenged by Stephen Boissoin on both division of powers and Charter grounds as part of his effort to overturn an earlier decision of the Alberta Human Rights Panel which found that Boissoin had engaged in hate speech for his letter to the editor “Homosexual Agenda Wicked”, published in the Red Deer Advocate. On December 3, 2009 Justice Earl Wilson of the Court of Queen’s Bench upheld the constitutionality of section 3. However, he also found that Boissoin’s publication did not amount to hate speech under that section. I will deal with the constitutional issues in this post; Linda McKay Panos will be posting on the interpretive issues.

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What Counts as “Sexual Abuse” under the Protection Against Family Violence Act?

Cases considered: L.L.S. v. W.M.C., 2009 ABQB 527

PDF version: What Counts as “Sexual Abuse” under the Protection Against Family Violence Act?

Justice Donald Lee has written another decision dealing with a definitional issue under the Protection Against Family Violence Act, R.S.A. 2000, c.P-27 (PAFVA). In L.L.S. v. W.M.C., 2009 ABQB 527, Justice Lee had to consider whether to confirm an Emergency Protection Order (EPO) constraining a father’s access to his children because the father was watching pornography and openly engaging in sexual behaviours in the presence of his children. Unfortunately, Justice Lee concluded that this behaviour did not amount to “sexual abuse” without endeavouring to define the term. Further, the case highlights concerns about the interplay between child welfare legislation, custody and access laws and the PAFVA.

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Motion for Re-hearing of Hutterian Brethren Case Dismissed by Supreme Court of Canada

Cases considered:  Alberta v. Hutterian Brethren of Wilson Colony, 2009 SCC 37

PDF version:  Motion for Re-hearing of Hutterian Brethren Case Dismissed by Supreme Court of Canada

On October 15, 2009 the Supreme Court of Canada denied a motion to re-hear the case of Alberta v. Hutterian Brethren of Wilson Colony, 2009 SCC 37. In that case, a majority of the Supreme Court denied the Hutterian Brethren’s claim that its members should be exempted from provincial photo requirements for driver’s licences based on freedom of religion. The Supreme Court did not provide any reasons for its decision, stating only as follows in a news release:

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Alberta’s Hate Speech Law Under Challenge

Case considered: Boissoin and the Concerned Christian Coalition Inc. v. Lund, currently before the Alberta Court of Queen’s Bench

PDF version: Alberta’s Hate Speech Law Under Challenge

There has been much talk recently of whether hate speech laws are properly included in human rights legislation. When Alberta moved to amend its human rights legislation in 2009, some argued that section 3 of Alberta’s Human Rights, Citizenship and Multiculturalism Act, R.S.A. 2000, c. H-14 (HRCMA), our hate speech law, should be amended or repealed altogether. A 2008 report by Richard Moon recommended that the analogous provision in the Canadian Human Rights Act, R.S.C. 1985, c.H-6 (CHRA), section 13, should be repealed and that the hate speech provisions of the Criminal Code, R.S.C. 1985, c. C-46, should be used instead. Most recently, in Warman v. Lemire, 2009 CHRT 26, the Canadian Human Rights Tribunal held that section 13 of the CHRA violated freedom of expression as guaranteed by section 2(b) of the Charter, and could not be justified as a reasonable limit under section 1 of the Charter. The tribunal thus refused to apply section 13 and declined to grant a remedy against the respondent, Lemire, even though his actions met the definition of hate speech. These developments will all be significant in the case of Boissoin and the Concerned Christian Coalition Inc. v. Lund, where the appellant, along with interveners the Canadian Civil Liberties Association and the Canadian Constitution Foundation, are challenging the constitutionality of section 3 of the HRCMA before the Alberta Court of Queen’s Bench.

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