Category Archives: Constitutional

La Belle Province? Developments in Alberta Language Rights Cases

Cases Considered: R. v. Caron, 2008 ABPC 232

Caron v. Alberta (Human Rights and Citizenship Commission), 2008 ABCA 272.

PDF Version: La Belle Province? Developments in Alberta Language Rights Cases

On August 18, 2008 the Alberta Provincial Court posted its long awaited decision in the case of Gilles Caron. Caron was charged under an Alberta regulation with making an unsafe left turn, and sought to defend on the basis of a violation of his language rights, arguing that Alberta legislation is invalid because it is not enacted in both English and French. His case was initially fought on the issue of whether he was entitled to an interim costs award to permit him to pursue his constitutional challenge in the absence of funding from the Court Challenges program (see my earlier posts on this issue: Special Enough? Interim Costs and Access to Justice and Stay Of Interim Funding Denied In Language Rights Case). In a 96 page decision written in French, Judge L.J. Wenden of the Alberta Provincial Court found in favour of Caron’s language rights claim and accordingly dismissed his traffic offence (2008 ABPC 232).

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Landowners, Procedural Fairness and Alberta’s Energy Resources Conservation Board

Cases Considered: Domke v. Alberta (Energy Resources Conservation Board), 2008 ABCA 232.

PDF Version:  Landowners, Procedural Fairness and Alberta’s Energy Resources Conservation Board

In a break from what seemed to be a growing trend, Mr. Justice Keith Ritter has refused leave to appeal to a group of landowners with respect to an Energy Resources Conservation Board (“ERCB”) decision. Perhaps because of the unfortunate result in Graff v. Alberta (Energy and Utilities Board), 2008 ABCA 119 (see my post on this decision ), Justice Ritter focused on one component of the test for leave – whether the appeal was prima facie meritorious – and dismissed the application. He looked at the facts and at the evidence and decided there was no merit to any of the proposed grounds of appeal. While it is hard to quarrel with all of Justice Ritter’s conclusions, ultimately his decision raises some troubling questions about procedural fairness and the ability of landowners to participate effectively in ERCB proceedings.

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No Costs Awarded for Failure to Prosecute Aboriginal Fishing Rights Case

Cases Considered: R. v. Nest, 2008 ABQB 323

PDF Version:  No Costs Awarded for Failure to Prosecute Aboriginal Fishing Rights Case

Donald Marshall, David Milgard, and Guy Paul Morin are the troika of wrongful conviction cases in Canada, bringing to mind overzealous prosecution of innocent persons and the compensation required to right those wrongs. But what about the opposite scenario, where the failure to prosecute is alleged to constitute a rights infringement deserving of compensation? This was the argument made by the claimants in a recent Alberta case.

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Another stay of judgment denied in the challenge to Alberta’s cap on damages for soft tissue injuries

Cases Considered:  Morrow v. Insurance Bureau of Canada, 2008 ABCA 248

PDF Version: Another stay of judgment denied in the challenge to Alberta’s cap on damages for soft tissue injuries

The latest judgment in the constitutional challenge to Alberta’s $4,000 cap on non-pecuniary damages for soft tissue injuries incurred in motor vehicle accidents was handed down on June 27, 2008 by Madam Justice Patricia Rowbotham of the Alberta Court of Appeal. State Farm Insurance Company, the insurer of the defendant in the personal injury action, had applied for a stay of the February 8, 2008 judgment of Associate Chief Justice Neil Wittmann. He had declared the Minor Injury Regulation, Alta. Reg. 124/2004 (MIR) unconstitutional, thus ending the $4,000 cap. See Morrow v. Zhang, 2008 ABQB 98 and the previous post on this judgment by Jennifer Koshan, “Not on Their Backs: Cap on Damages for Soft Tissue Injuries Struck Down; Court Denies Stay of Remedy Pending Appeal.” Justice Rowbotham denied State Farm’s application.

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Funding Restored for Court Challenges Language Rights Programs

In 2 previous posts (see here and here) I discussed the application of Gilles Caron for an interim costs order to fund his language rights claim against the Alberta government. This application was required in large part because of the cancellation of the Court Challenges Program (CCP) by the Harper government in 2006. In a recent development described in an excellent post by Shelagh Day on rabble.ca the Fédération des communautés francophones et acadienne (FCFA) has settled its claim against the federal government for the cancellation of the CCP. Part of the settlement agreement includes the reinstatement of funding for minority language rights litigation. However, in spite of the fact that the FCFA’s claim was to restore funding for both the language rights and equality rights components of the CCP, the government only restored funding to the former. The FCFA’s victory is welcome, and may permit claims like that of Caron to proceed in the future without interim costs applications. However, there is a huge gap left by the continued inability of equality rights claimants to seek funding for their litigation. Will it take a costly lawsuit on the equality rights side to see funding restored?