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Category: Corporate / Commercial

Limited Partnerships: Devon Canada Corporation v. PE-Pittsfield, LLC

Cases Considered: Devon Canada Corporation v. PE-Pittsfield, LLC, 2008 ABCA 393.

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In Devon Canada Corporation v. PE-Pittsfield, LLC, the Alberta Court of Appeal clarified the law respecting foreign limited partnerships and discovery of limited partners in two respects. First, it determined that limited partners cannot be examined when the limited partnership is named as a defendant in an action. Second, it determined that a foreign, unregistered limited partnership has the same rights and obligations of a limited partnership under Alberta law.

“Not Just Pious Passages”: The Disclosure Requirements of the Franchises Act

Cases Considered: Hi Hotel Limited Partnership v. Holiday Hospitality Franchising Inc., 2008 ABCA 276

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In this Court of Appeal decision, three of Alberta’s most experienced justices determined that the disclosure requirements of the Franchises Act, R.S.A. 2000, c. F-23 were indeed required and that “must” meant “must.” The Franchises Act gives franchisees a right to accurate and complete information about franchisors and franchises and backs up that right with the remedy of rescission. The reserved reasons for judgment of Madam Justice Elizabeth McFadyen, concurred in by Madam Justice Carole Conrad, are a restrained seventeen paragraphs long (including statements of the relevant facts and applicable statutory provisions). The much lengthier reserved reasons for judgment of Mr. Justice Jean Côté are a tour de force, providing a thorough review of the policies behind the laws requiring disclosure in the franchising context and thus much fodder for arguments by counsel in future cases. In the end, both sets of reasons recognize the exclusively statutory nature of franchisors’ obligations and franchisees’ remedies.

Classifying Creditors under the Companies’ Creditors Arrangement Act

Cases Considered: Kerr Interior Systems Ltd. (Re), 2008 ABQB 286

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In an application for an order to sanction a Plan of Arrangement (Plan), the Alberta Court of Queen’s Bench refused to allow the two protesting creditors to form their own class for the purpose of voting on the Plan in Kerr Interior Systems Ltd. (Re). For the purpose of this post, I will lay out the facts then focus on the principles underlying the classification of creditors under the Companies’ Creditors Arrangement Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. C-36 (CCAA). Pursuant to section 4 CCAA, different classes of unsecured creditors can be created, such that each class would have a separate vote on whether to approve a Plan. This case is one of the most recent to deal with the technical and difficult issue regarding the classification of creditors and Madam Justice M.B. Bielby provides a thorough discussion of the principles that need to be considered before a court will sanction a plan of arrangement.

An Equity Rationale for the Enforcement of the Corporate Veil?: The Alberta Court of Appeal Considers a Joint Venture Agreement in the Shadow of Corporate Reorganization

Cases Considered: Apex Corporation v Ceco Developments Ltd., 2008 ABCA 125

PDF Version:  An Equity Rationale for the Enforcement of the Corporate Veil?: The Alberta Court of Appeal Considers a Joint Venture Agreement in the Shadow of Corporate Reorganization 

Common law courts have demonstrated a willingness to ‘pierce the corporate veil’ in circumstances when upholding the assumption of separate corporate legal identity would, for example: endorse an instrument that appears simply a sham; would permit for behaviour “akin to fraud”(Gilford Motor Company Ltd. v. Horne, [1933] Ch. 935 (C.A.)); or lead to a result “too flagrantly opposed to justice”(Kosmopolous v. Constitution Insurance Co. of Canada [1987] 1 S.C.R. 2). This latter language of justice, authored by Madame Justice Bertha Wilson, in particular signals a potential equitable limit to the invocation of separate corporate legal identity. And so while there are rare, if established, instances for piercing the corporate veil based upon justice concerns, the instances of an equitable enforcement of corporate personality are rarer still, and indeed may be difficult to conceive of. Involved would be a court enforcement of separate legal entity despite the claims of a corporation’s ownership. Yet, just such a curious result occurred in the Alberta Court of Appeal’s recent decision in Apex Corporation v. Ceco Developments Ltd. (per Justice Jean Côté, Justices Ellen Picard and Peter Martin concurring).

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